Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 14 Apr 2007

The Sun enters Mesha at 12:28, between sunrise (06:13) and sunset (18:46): Sat 14 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Pāthardi

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise: it holds sunrise on Sat 14 Apr only, at 06:13: Sat 14 Apr. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: Dashami ended at 08:59 Fri, before it (04:37–06:13).

Varuthini Ekadashi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 300°–312° is the 26th, Krishna Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:13 here. Dashami ended at 08:59 Fri, before it. Ekadashi ends at 06:43, when the lead reaches 312°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwadashi began at 06:43 and ended at 03:53 Sun, between the sunrises of 06:13 and 06:12 Sun. Saturday reads Ekadashi and Sunday reads Trayodashi: Dwadashi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 13 Apr ran from sunset 18:46 Fri to sunrise 06:13, 11 h 27 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:13 to 18:46, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:46 to 06:12 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 310°. It leaves at 20:19, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.7° + 311.5° = 671.2°, one full turn and 311.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 19:50, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 19:56 Fri, when the lead reached 306°; Balava runs until 06:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:13 to 06:12 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 14 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 2007, 08:12 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 25.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2064; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1929.