Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 25 Jun 2005

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 22:55 on Fri 24 Jun to 19:37 on Sat 25 Jun, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Sat 25 Jun. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:53 here. Tritiya ended at 22:55 Fri, before it. Chaturthi ends at 19:37, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 22 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 24 Jun ran from sunset 19:10 Fri to sunrise 05:53, 10 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:53 to 19:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:10 to 05:53 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shravana spans 280°00′–293°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 286°40′. It leaves at 11:46, for Dhanishtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 69.6° + 289.7° = 359.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 06:55, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 09:14, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 19:37.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:53 to 05:53 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 15 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Jul, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha here, and Jyeshtha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 2005, 02:02 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 74.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2062; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1927.