Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 16 Nov 2004

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:37 here. Tritiya ended at 10:43 Mon, before it. Chaturthi ends at 07:38, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 12 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 07:38 and ended at 04:46 Wed, between the sunrises of 06:37 and 06:38 Wed. Tuesday reads Chaturthi and Wednesday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 15 Nov ran from sunset 17:50 Mon to sunrise 06:37, 12 h 47 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:37 to 17:50, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:50 to 06:38 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 256°40′. It leaves at 21:35, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 210.1° + 257.5° = 467.6°, one full turn and 107.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 01:36 Wed, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 21:09 Mon, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 07:38.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:37 to 06:38 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 12 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2004, 04:11 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 233.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.