Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 3 Aug 2004

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 15:26 on Tue 3 Aug to 14:00 on Wed 4 Aug, so it holds moonrise only on Tue 3 Aug, at 21:21. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:06 here. Dwitiya ended at 17:36 Mon, before it. Tritiya ends at 15:26, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 2 Aug ran from sunset 19:04 Mon to sunrise 06:06, 11 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:06 to 19:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:03 to 06:06 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 09:28, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 107.1° + 318° = 425.1°, one full turn and 65.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 08:34, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 04:26, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 15:26.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:06 to 06:06 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 16:53 Sat to 16 Aug 06:53 Mon the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 16:48 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2004, 04:11 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 130.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.