Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 19 Jun 2004

Rath Yatra follows the tithi at sunrise. Dwitiya holds both sunrises, 05:51 on Sat 19 Jun and 05:52 on Sun 20 Jun. Over two sunrises the Nirnayasindhu takes the first: Sat 19 Jun. No text giving Rath Yatra’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Rath Yatra: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:51 here. Pratipada ended at 04:23, before it. Dwitiya ends at 06:40 Sun, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Jun, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 04:23, before sunrise at 05:51, and ends at 06:40 Sun, after the next sunrise at 05:52 Sun. Both days read Dwitiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 18 Jun ran from sunset 19:09 Fri to sunrise 05:51, 10 h 42 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:51 to 19:09, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:09 to 05:52 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 76°40′. It leaves at 12:16, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 64.2° + 76.8° = 141°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 16:29, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 17:33, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 06:40 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:51 to 05:52 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Jun, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2004, 04:11 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 87.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.