Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 21 Dec 2003

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 01:45 on Sun 21 Dec to 22:22 on Sun 21 Dec, so only Sunday’s pradosha (17:56–20:32) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 22:22 on Sun 21 Dec to 18:48 on Mon 22 Dec, so only Sunday night’s nishitha (00:01 Mon–00:53 Mon) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:57 here. Dwadashi ended at 01:45, before it. Trayodashi ends at 22:22, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 20 Dec ran from sunset 17:55 Sat to sunrise 06:57, 13 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 52 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:57 to 17:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:56 to 06:58 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 210°. It leaves at 09:20, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 244.8° + 211.9° = 456.7°, one full turn and 96.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 21:54, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 12:05, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 22:22.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:57 to 06:58 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 2003, 00:48 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 257° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2060; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1925.