Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 23 Nov 2003

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya begins at 08:12 on Sun 23 Nov, after that sunrise, and ends at 04:28 on Mon 24 Nov, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Sun 23 Nov. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:41 here. Trayodashi ended at 11:45 Sat, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 08:12, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Amavasya began at 08:12 and ended at 04:28 Mon, between the sunrises of 06:41 and 06:41 Mon. Sunday reads Chaturdashi and Monday reads Pratipada: Amavasya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sat 22 Nov ran from sunset 17:49 Sat to sunrise 06:41, 12 h 52 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:41 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:41 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 203°20′. It leaves at 22:11, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 216.4° + 203.5° = 419.9°, one full turn and 59.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 16:41, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 22:01 Sat, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 08:12.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:41 to 06:41 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 2003, 00:48 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 228.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2060; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1925.