Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 31 May 2003

Vat Savitri Vrat follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 07:29 on Fri 30 May to 09:49 on Sat 31 May, so it holds sunrise only on Sat 31 May, at 05:50. No text giving Vat Savitri Vrat’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Vat Savitri Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 07:29 on Fri 30 May to 09:49 on Sat 31 May, so it holds sunrise only on Sat 31 May, at 05:50. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Chaturdashi ended at 07:29 Fri, before it. Amavasya ends at 09:49, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 16 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 30 May ran from sunset 19:02 Fri to sunrise 05:50, 10 h 48 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 19:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:02 to 05:50 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 43°20′. It leaves at 01:39 Sun, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 45.3° + 43.4° = 88.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 14:25, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 20:41 Fri, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 09:49.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:50 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 31 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 31 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 2003, 00:48 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 57.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2060; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1925.