Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 20 Feb 2003

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 21:03 on Wed 19 Feb to 18:13 on Thu 20 Feb, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Thu 20 Feb. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:55 here. Tritiya ended at 21:03 Wed, before it. Chaturthi ends at 18:13, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 17 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 19 Feb ran from sunset 18:30 Wed to sunrise 06:55, 12 h 25 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:55 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 06:54 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 166°40′. It leaves at 14:33, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 307.1° + 168.7° = 475.8°, one full turn and 115.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 13:24, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 07:37, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 18:13.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:55 to 06:54 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Apr 2002, 00:51 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 308.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2059; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1924.