Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 2 Oct 2002

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 288°–300° is the 25th, Krishna Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:19 here. Navami ended at 10:05 Tue, before it. Dashami ends at 08:43, when the lead reaches 300°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 21 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 1 Oct ran from sunset 18:17 Tue to sunrise 06:19, 12 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:19 to 18:17, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:17 to 06:20 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 103°20′. It leaves at 11:48, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 164.8° + 103.5° = 268.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 01:02 Thu, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 21:30 Tue, when the lead reached 294°; Vishti runs until 08:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:19 to 06:20 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Apr 2002, 00:51 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 166° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2059; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1924.