Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 19 Nov 2000

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:39 here. Saptami ended at 09:51 Sat, before it. Ashtami ends at 08:01, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 08:01 and ended at 06:29 Mon, between the sunrises of 06:39 and 06:39 Mon. Sunday reads Ashtami and Monday reads Dashami: Navami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sat 18 Nov ran from sunset 17:50 Sat to sunrise 06:39, 12 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:39 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:39 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 126°40′. It leaves at 15:10, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 213.1° + 128.4° = 341.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 14:54, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 20:54 Sat, when the lead reached 270°; Kaulava runs until 08:01.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:39 to 06:39 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 4 Apr 2000, 23:42 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 221.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2057; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1922.