Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 21 Nov 1999

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 22:42 on Sat 20 Nov to 19:43 on Sun 21 Nov, so it touches only Sunday’s pradosha (17:49–20:23). No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:39 here. Dwadashi ended at 22:42 Sat, before it. Trayodashi ends at 19:43, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 20 Nov ran from sunset 17:49 Sat to sunrise 06:39, 12 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:39 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:40 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 0°. It leaves at 23:32, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 214.4° + 2.9° = 217.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 20:51, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 09:17, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 19:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:39 to 06:40 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1999, 00:17 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 241.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2056; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1921.