Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 12 Aug 1997

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Saptami ended at 05:39 Mon, before it. Ashtami ends at 06:33, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 3 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 05:39 Mon, before sunrise at 06:08 Mon, and ends at 06:33, after the next sunrise at 06:09. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 11 Aug ran from sunset 18:59 Mon to sunrise 06:09, 11 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 18:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:59 to 06:09 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 210°. It leaves at 09:55, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.5° + 211.3° = 326.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 17:25, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 18:12 Mon, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 06:33.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Sep, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 1997, 16:31 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 121.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2054; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1919.