Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 18 Aug 1992

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Chaturthi ended at 00:41, before it. Panchami ends at 02:09 Wed, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 13 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 17 Aug ran from sunset 18:55 Mon to sunrise 06:10, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:54, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:54 to 06:11 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 350°. It leaves at 21:33, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 121.6° + 352.1° = 473.7°, one full turn and 113.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 17:36, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 13:28, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 02:09 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:11 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada here, and Shravana in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 1992, 10:31 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 131.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2049; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1914.