Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 22 May 1986

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:52 here. Dwadashi ended at 12:37 Wed, before it. Trayodashi ends at 09:31, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 May, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 21 May ran from sunset 18:58 Wed to sunrise 05:52, 10 h 54 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:52 to 18:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:59 to 05:52 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 190°. It leaves at 20:33, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 37° + 190.9° = 227.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 00:12 Fri, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 23:08 Wed, when the lead reached 150°; Taitila runs until 09:31.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:52 to 05:52 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 7 Jun, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 May, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha. This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 1986, 11:38 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 41.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2043; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1908.