Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 14 Aug 1985

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 18:15 on Wed 14 Aug to 17:12 on Thu 15 Aug, so only Wednesday night’s nishitha (00:11 Thu–00:56 Thu) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Dwadashi ended at 18:38 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 18:15, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 13 Aug ran from sunset 18:58 Tue to sunrise 06:09, 11 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 18:57, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:57 to 06:09 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 86°40′. It leaves at 17:02, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117.5° + 87.3° = 204.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 20:27, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 06:32, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 18:15.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 05:26 Thu to 16 Aug 15:35 Fri the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 19:53 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 1985, 17:28 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 140.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2042; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1907.