Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 4 Jul 1983

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Saptami ended at 05:06 Sun, before it. Ashtami ends at 06:07, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 25 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 05:06 Sun, before sunrise at 05:55 Sun, and ends at 06:07, after the next sunrise at 05:55. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sun 3 Jul ran from sunset 19:11 Sun to sunrise 05:55, 10 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 19:11, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:11 to 05:55 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 353°20′. It leaves at 17:41, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 77.9° + 353.8° = 431.7°, one full turn and 71.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 20:35, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 17:41 Sun, when the lead reached 270°; Kaulava runs until 06:07.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:55 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 15 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 10 Jul, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 10 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha here, and Jyeshtha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 13 Apr 1983, 13:28 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 78.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2040; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1905.