Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 22 Feb 1983

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:54 here. Ashtami ended at 10:23 Mon, before it. Navami ends at 08:40, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 13 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dashami began at 08:40 and ended at 06:26 Wed, between the sunrises of 06:54 and 06:53 Wed. Tuesday reads Navami and Wednesday reads Ekadashi: Dashami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 21 Feb ran from sunset 18:31 Mon to sunrise 06:54, 12 h 23 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:54 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 06:53 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 53°20′. It leaves at 00:29 Wed, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 309.2° + 56.3° = 365.5°, one full turn and 5.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 19:18, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 21:35 Mon, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 08:40.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:54 to 06:53 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 13 Feb 06:01 Sun to 14 Mar 23:13 Mon the Sun stayed in Kumbha, entering Meena at 15 Mar 00:14 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Phalguna, before Phalguna itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1982, 15:47 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 328.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2039; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1904.