Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 13 Jan 1983

Lohri’s bonfire is lit on the evening before Makar Sankranti. The Sun enters Makara at 14:20 Fri, and Makar Sankranti is on Fri 14 Jan: Thu 13 Jan. No text giving Lohri’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Lohri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:05 here. Trayodashi ended at 05:14 Wed, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 07:53, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturdashi began at 05:14 Wed, before sunrise at 07:05 Wed, and ends at 07:53, after the next sunrise at 07:05. Both days read Chaturdashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Wed 12 Jan ran from sunset 18:09 Wed to sunrise 07:05, 12 h 56 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:05 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 07:05 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 253°20′. It leaves at 04:09 Fri, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 268.7° + 256.3° = 525°, one full turn and 165°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 160°00′–173°20′ is the 13th, Vyaghata. It ends at 22:43, then Harshana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 18:33 Wed, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 07:53.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:05 to 07:05 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 14 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1982, 15:47 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 287.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2039; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1904.