Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 10 Apr 1981

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 60°–72° is the 6th, Shukla Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Panchami ended at 08:47 Thu, before it. Shashthi ends at 06:37, when the lead reaches 72°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Saptami began at 06:37 and ended at 05:09 Sat, between the sunrises of 06:16 and 06:15 Sat. Friday reads Shashthi and Saturday reads Ashtami: Saptami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 9 Apr ran from sunset 18:45 Thu to sunrise 06:16, 11 h 31 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 18:45, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:45 to 06:15 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 66°40′. It leaves at 02:39 Sat, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 356.5° + 68.3° = 424.8°, one full turn and 64.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 09:20, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 19:37 Thu, when the lead reached 66°; Taitila runs until 06:37.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:15 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra. This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 1981, 01:49 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 5.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2038; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1903.