Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 22 Feb 1981

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 08:12 on Sun 22 Feb to 10:18 on Mon 23 Feb, so it holds moonrise only on Sun 22 Feb, at 21:28. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:53 here. Dwitiya ended at 06:29 Sat, before it. Tritiya ends at 08:12, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 19 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Tritiya began at 06:29 Sat, before sunrise at 06:54 Sat, and ends at 08:12, after the next sunrise at 06:53. Both days read Tritiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sat 21 Feb ran from sunset 18:31 Sat to sunrise 06:53, 12 h 22 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:53 to 18:32, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:32 to 06:53 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 163°20′. It leaves at 23:10, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 309.7° + 165.1° = 474.8°, one full turn and 114.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 16:15, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 19:17 Sat, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 08:12.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:53 to 06:53 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1980, 00:25 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 336.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2037; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1902.