Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 6 Oct 1978

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Tritiya ended at 10:50 Thu, before it. Chaturthi ends at 09:34, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 5 Oct ran from sunset 18:14 Thu to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:13, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:13 to 06:21 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 213°20′. It leaves at 02:23 Sat, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 168.9° + 215.1° = 384°, one full turn and 24°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 10:40, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 22:15 Thu, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 09:34.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:21 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 1978, 20:45 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 175° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2035; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1900.