Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 12 Aug 1977

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 00:18 on Fri 12 Aug to 01:42 on Sat 13 Aug, so only Friday’s pradosha (18:59–21:13) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Dwadashi ended at 00:18, before it. Trayodashi ends at 01:42 Sat, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 11 Aug ran from sunset 18:59 Thu to sunrise 06:09, 11 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 18:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:59 to 06:09 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 03:25 Sat, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.7° + 82.4° = 198.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 09:40, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 13:03, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 01:42 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 14:06 Sat to 15 Aug 03:01 Mon the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 18:37 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1977, 00:02 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 140.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2034; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1899.