Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 15 Dec 1975

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 18:32 on Mon 15 Dec to 19:41 on Tue 16 Dec, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Mon 15 Dec. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:54 here. Ekadashi ended at 16:47 Sun, before it. Dwadashi ends at 18:32, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 3 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sun 14 Dec ran from sunset 17:53 Sun to sunrise 06:54, 13 h 1 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 52 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:54 to 17:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:53 to 06:54 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 16°40′. It leaves at 00:52 Tue, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 238.9° + 17.5° = 256.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 01:27 Tue, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 05:43, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 18:32.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:54 to 06:54 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 1975, 22:08 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 241.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2032; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1897.