Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 13 Sep 1974

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 18:40 on Fri 13 Sep to 15:13 on Sat 14 Sep, so it touches only Friday’s pradosha (18:34–20:54). No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Ekadashi ended at 21:53 Thu, before it. Dwadashi ends at 18:40, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 12 Sep ran from sunset 18:34 Thu to sunrise 06:16, 11 h 42 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 18:34, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:34 to 06:16 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 100°. It leaves at 11:55, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 146.4° + 103.2° = 249.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 12:03, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 08:19, when the lead reaches 318°; Taitila until 18:40.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:16 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 00:31 Sun to 16 Sep 08:15 Mon the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 00:03 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 1974, 02:53 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 167° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2031; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1896.