Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 23 Aug 1974

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 60°–72° is the 6th, Shukla Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:11 here. Panchami ended at 09:50 Thu, before it. Shashthi ends at 08:55, when the lead reaches 72°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 22 Aug ran from sunset 18:52 Thu to sunrise 06:11, 11 h 19 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:11 to 18:51, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:51 to 06:12 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 193°20′. It leaves at 12:19, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 126° + 196.6° = 322.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 00:26 Sat, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 21:16 Thu, when the lead reached 66°; Taitila runs until 08:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:11 to 06:12 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 00:31 Sun to 16 Sep 08:15 Mon the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 00:03 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 1974, 02:53 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 146.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2031; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1896.