Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 4 Aug 1966

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 20:59 on Thu 4 Aug to 23:28 on Fri 5 Aug, touching moonrise on both nights. When it does, the Dharmasindhu takes the earlier day: Thu 4 Aug. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:06 here. Dwitiya ended at 18:37 Wed, before it. Tritiya ends at 20:59, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 3 Aug ran from sunset 19:04 Wed to sunrise 06:06, 11 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:06 to 19:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:03 to 06:06 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 12:04, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 107.8° + 317° = 424.8°, one full turn and 64.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 09:29, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 07:47, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 20:59.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:06 to 06:06 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 10:00 Mon to 16 Aug 17:17 Tue the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 22:58 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 1966, 10:16 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 130.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2023; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1888.