Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 25 Mar 1964

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 08:28 on Wed 25 Mar to 08:02 on Thu 26 Mar, so only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:41–21:02) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:29 here. Ekadashi ended at 09:14 Tue, before it. Dwadashi ends at 08:28, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 14 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 24 Mar ran from sunset 18:41 Tue to sunrise 06:29, 11 h 48 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:29 to 18:41, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:41 to 06:28 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 123°20′. It leaves at 23:19, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 341.1° + 124° = 465.1°, one full turn and 105.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 09:07, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 20:49 Tue, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 08:28.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:29 to 06:28 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 07:43 Sat to 12 Apr 18:07 Sun the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 11:52 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1964, 07:43 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 10.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2021; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1886.