Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 12 Aug 1963

Krishna’s birth is celebrated at nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Ashtami runs from 00:59 on Mon 12 Aug to 22:44 on Mon 12 Aug, between the two nights’ nishitha, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Mon 12 Aug. Every reading takes that day.

Janmashtami: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:08 here. Saptami ended at 00:59, before it. Ashtami ends at 22:44, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 5 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 11 Aug ran from sunset 19:00 Sun to sunrise 06:08, 11 h 8 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:08 to 18:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:59 to 06:09 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 20°. It leaves at 13:50, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.3° + 22.1° = 137.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 20:51, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 11:51, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 22:44.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:08 to 06:09 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 17 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 19 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada here, and Shravana in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 1963, 17:39 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 134.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2020; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1885.