Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 6 Oct 1959

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Tritiya ended at 09:25 Mon, before it. Chaturthi ends at 06:27, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 06:27 and ended at 03:37 Wed, between the sunrises of 06:20 and 06:21 Wed. Tuesday reads Chaturthi and Wednesday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Mon 5 Oct ran from sunset 18:14 Mon to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:14, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:14 to 06:21 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 216°40′. It leaves at 22:46, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 168.7° + 216.7° = 385.4°, one full turn and 25.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 08:17, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 19:55 Mon, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 06:27.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:21 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 8 Apr 1959, 08:59 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 174.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2016; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1881.