Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 22 Jan 1951

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 156°–168° is the 14th, Shukla Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:05 here. Trayodashi ended at 06:56 Sun, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 08:48, when the lead reaches 168°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturdashi began at 06:56 Sun, before sunrise at 07:05 Sun, and ends at 08:48, after the next sunrise at 07:05. Both days read Chaturdashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sun 21 Jan ran from sunset 18:15 Sun to sunrise 07:05, 12 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:05 to 18:15, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:15 to 07:05 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 83°20′. It leaves at 22:54, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 278° + 85.2° = 363.2°, one full turn and 3.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 01:13 Tue, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 19:55 Sun, when the lead reached 162°; Vanija runs until 08:48.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:05 to 07:05 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1950, 20:50 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 303.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2007; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1872.