Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 5 Jul 1950

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 240°–252° is the 21st, Krishna Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Panchami ended at 17:21 Tue, before it. Shashthi ends at 18:01, when the lead reaches 252°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 4 Jul ran from sunset 19:11 Tue to sunrise 05:55, 10 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 19:11, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:11 to 05:56 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 21:06, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 79.3° + 325.4° = 404.7°, one full turn and 44.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 21:20, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 05:35, when the lead reached 246°; Vanija runs until 18:01.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:56 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jun 21:22 Thu to 15 Jul 10:35 Sat the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 16 Jul 12:11 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 18 Mar 1950, 20:50 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 105° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2007; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1872.