Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 31 Dec 1949

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise. It holds both sunrises, 07:01 on Fri 30 Dec and 07:02 on Sat 31 Dec. Ekadashi (06:44 Fri 30 Dec to 09:07 Sat 31 Dec) and Dwadashi (09:07 Sat 31 Dec to 11:02 Sun 1 Jan) are both longer than their day; when both grow, Smartas take the later day: Sat 31 Dec. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: on Fri 30 Dec Dashami lasts until 06:44, inside it (05:25–07:01); on Sat 31 Dec Ekadashi holds all of it.

Pausha Putrada Ekadashi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:02 here. Dashami ended at 06:44 Fri, before it. Ekadashi ends at 09:07, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 20 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ekadashi began at 06:44 Fri, before sunrise at 07:01 Fri, and ends at 09:07, after the next sunrise at 07:02. Both days read Ekadashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 30 Dec ran from sunset 18:01 Fri to sunrise 07:02, 13 h 1 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 52 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:02 to 18:01, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:01 to 07:02 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 26°40′. It leaves at 08:55 Sun, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 255.9° + 26.9° = 282.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 02:16 Sun, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 19:59 Fri, when the lead reached 126°; Vishti runs until 09:07.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:02 to 07:02 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 18 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, began Pausha. This Shukla paksha reads Pausha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 1949, 20:40 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 270.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2006; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1871.