Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 12 Nov 1946

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 02:27 on Tue 12 Nov to 23:22 on Tue 12 Nov, so it holds moonrise only on Tue 12 Nov, at 20:54. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:34 here. Tritiya ended at 02:27, before it. Chaturthi ends at 23:22, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 11 Nov ran from sunset 17:51 Mon to sunrise 06:34, 12 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:34 to 17:51, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:51 to 06:35 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 63°20′. It leaves at 10:23, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 205.9° + 64.3° = 270.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 21:25, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 12:52, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 23:22.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:34 to 06:35 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 1946, 10:07 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 217.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2003; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1868.