Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 14 Mar 1945

Vikram Samvat 2002 begins with Chaitra Shukla Pratipada. Here Pratipada holds no sunrise, so the year begins on the day it is current: Wed 14 Mar.

Nav Samvatsar: every date in Pāthardi

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 13:59 on Tue 13 Mar to 10:20 on Wed 14 Mar, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 14 Mar, at 07:38. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:38 here. Chaturdashi ended at 13:59 Tue, before it. Amavasya ends at 10:20, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 27 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 10:20 and ended at 06:32 Thu, between the sunrises of 07:38 and 07:38 Thu. Wednesday reads Amavasya and Thursday reads Dwitiya: Pratipada is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 13 Mar ran from sunset 19:38 Tue to sunrise 07:38, 12 h 0 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:38 to 19:38, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:38 to 07:38 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 326°40′. It leaves at 15:24, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 330° + 328.4° = 658.4°, one full turn and 298.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 19:50, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 00:12, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 10:20.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:38 to 07:38 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 14 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 14 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra here, and Phalguna in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1945, 10:20. Since then the Sun has moved -0.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2002; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1867.