Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 12 Nov 1942

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:34 here. Tritiya ended at 12:24 Wed, before it. Chaturthi ends at 09:21, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 09:21 and ended at 06:34 Fri, between the sunrises of 07:34 and 07:35 Fri. Thursday reads Chaturthi and Friday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Wed 11 Nov ran from sunset 18:52 Wed to sunrise 07:34, 12 h 42 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:34 to 18:51, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:51 to 07:35 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 250°. It leaves at 08:12, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 206° + 253° = 459°, one full turn and 99°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 19:28, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 22:51 Wed, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 09:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:34 to 07:35 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1942, 06:19 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 233.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1999; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1864.