Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 3 Oct 1942

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 276°–288° is the 24th, Krishna Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:20 here. Ashtami ended at 06:11, before it. Navami ends at 08:31 Sun, when the lead reaches 288°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 24 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 06:11, before sunrise at 07:20, and ends at 08:31 Sun, after the next sunrise at 07:20 Sun. Both days read Navami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 2 Oct ran from sunset 19:17 Fri to sunrise 07:20, 12 h 3 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:20 to 19:16, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:16 to 07:20 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 04:51 Sun, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 166.1° + 82.7° = 248.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 15:49, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 19:23, when the lead reaches 282°; Garaja until 08:31 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:20 to 07:20 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 10 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 10 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1942, 06:19 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 193.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1999; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1864.