Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 11 Jun 1942

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 19:41 on Wed 10 Jun to 21:49 on Thu 11 Jun, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Thu 11 Jun. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi began at 21:49 on Thu 11 Jun, before that night’s nishitha, and ended at 00:07 on Sat 13 Jun, partway into the next. The Nirnayasindhu takes the night Chaturdashi fills: Thu 11 Jun. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Dwadashi ended at 19:41 Wed, before it. Trayodashi ends at 21:49, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 10 Jun ran from sunset 19:06 Wed to sunrise 05:50, 10 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 19:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:06 to 05:50 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 23°20′. It leaves at 09:01, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 56.4° + 25.1° = 81.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 03:52 Fri, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 08:43, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 21:49.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:50 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 May 11:15 Fri to 14 Jun 02:31 Sun the Sun stayed in Vrishabha, entering Mithuna at 15 Jun 00:06 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Jyeshtha, before Jyeshtha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha (Adhik) here, and Jyeshtha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1942, 06:19 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 83.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1999; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1864.