Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 9 Mar 1940

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:42 here. Chaturdashi ended at 05:16 Fri, before it. Amavasya ends at 07:52, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 23 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Amavasya began at 05:16 Fri, before sunrise at 06:43 Fri, and ends at 07:52, after the next sunrise at 06:42. Both days read Amavasya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 8 Mar ran from sunset 18:36 Fri to sunrise 06:42, 12 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:42 to 18:37, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:37 to 06:42 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 00:06 Sun, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 325.3° + 324.8° = 650.1°, one full turn and 290.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 280°00′–293°20′ is the 22nd, Sadhya. It ends at 12:48, then Shubha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 18:33 Fri, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 07:52.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:42 to 06:42 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 9 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 1939, 07:19 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 348.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1996; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1861.