Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 9 Jul 1937

Rath Yatra follows the tithi at sunrise. Dwitiya begins at 06:50 on Fri 9 Jul, after that sunrise, and ends at 04:24 on Sat 10 Jul, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Fri 9 Jul. No text giving Rath Yatra’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Rath Yatra: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:57 here. Amavasya ended at 09:42 Thu, before it. Pratipada ends at 06:50, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 06:50 and ended at 04:24 Sat, between the sunrises of 05:57 and 05:57 Sat. Friday reads Pratipada and Saturday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 8 Jul ran from sunset 19:11 Thu to sunrise 05:57, 10 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:57 to 19:11, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:11 to 05:57 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 93°20′. It leaves at 01:40 Sat, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 83.4° + 94.9° = 178.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 19:04, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 20:14 Thu, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 06:50.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:57 to 05:57 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 1937, 10:39 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 85.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1994; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1859.