Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 27 Apr 1934

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 21:31 on Thu 26 Apr to 21:05 on Fri 27 Apr, so only Friday’s pradosha (18:50–21:04) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:04 here. Dwadashi ended at 21:31 Thu, before it. Trayodashi ends at 21:05, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 14 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 26 Apr ran from sunset 18:49 Thu to sunrise 06:04, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:04 to 18:50, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:50 to 06:03 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 160°. It leaves at 03:31 Sat, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 13.1° + 161.4° = 174.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 02:25 Sat, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 09:24, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 21:05.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:04 to 06:03 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Apr 05:26 Sat to 13 May 18:00 Sun the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 16:15 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 1934, 17:38 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 41.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1991; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1856.