Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 27 Sep 1933

Durga Ashtami follows the tithi at sunrise. Ashtami runs from 10:12 on Tue 26 Sep to 08:01 on Wed 27 Sep, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 27 Sep, at 06:18. No text giving Durga Ashtami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Durga Ashtami: every date in Pāthardi

Maha Navami follows the tithi at sunrise. Navami begins at 08:01 on Wed 27 Sep, after that sunrise, and ends at 05:59 on Thu 28 Sep, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Wed 27 Sep. No text giving Maha Navami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Maha Navami: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:18 here. Saptami ended at 10:12 Tue, before it. Ashtami ends at 08:01, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 19 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 08:01 and ended at 05:59 Thu, between the sunrises of 06:18 and 06:19 Thu. Wednesday reads Ashtami and Thursday reads Dashami: Navami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 26 Sep ran from sunset 18:22 Tue to sunrise 06:18, 11 h 56 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:18 to 18:21, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:21 to 06:19 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 253°20′. It leaves at 01:09 Thu, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 160.5° + 255.6° = 416.1°, one full turn and 56.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 23:04, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 21:06 Tue, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 08:01.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:18 to 06:19 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 16 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 19 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 26 Mar 1933, 08:50 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 178.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1990; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1855.