Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 13 Feb 1932

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 60°–72° is the 6th, Shukla Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:59 here. Panchami ended at 05:26 Fri, before it. Shashthi ends at 08:08, when the lead reaches 72°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 6 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Shashthi began at 05:26 Fri, before sunrise at 07:00 Fri, and ends at 08:08, after the next sunrise at 06:59. Both days read Shashthi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 12 Feb ran from sunset 18:27 Fri to sunrise 06:59, 12 h 32 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:59 to 18:27, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:27 to 06:59 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 10°. It leaves at 10:16, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 300.2° + 11.7° = 311.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 22:00, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 18:47 Fri, when the lead reached 66°; Taitila runs until 08:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:59 to 06:59 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 7 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 1931, 13:20 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 325.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1988; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1853.