Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 7 Nov 1929

The evening arghya is offered at sunset. Shashthi runs from 01:31 on Thu 7 Nov to 04:04 on Fri 8 Nov, so it holds sunset only on Thu 7 Nov, at 17:53. No text giving Chhath · Sandhya Arghya’s time was found; sunset is Tithika’s convention.

Chhath: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 60°–72° is the 6th, Shukla Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:32 here. Panchami ended at 01:31, before it. Shashthi ends at 04:04 Fri, when the lead reaches 72°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 1 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 6 Nov ran from sunset 17:53 Wed to sunrise 06:32, 12 h 39 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:32 to 17:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:53 to 06:32 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 263°20′. It leaves at 12:52, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 201.3° + 263.5° = 464.8°, one full turn and 104.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 10:00, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 14:47, when the lead reaches 66°; Taitila until 04:04 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:32 to 06:32 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 15 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 1929, 02:02 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 204.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1986; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1851.