Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 30 Nov 1928

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 03:50 on Fri 30 Nov to 00:56 on Sat 1 Dec, so it holds moonrise only on Fri 30 Nov, at 21:01. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:45 here. Tritiya ended at 03:50, before it. Chaturthi ends at 00:56 Sat, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 27 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 29 Nov ran from sunset 17:49 Thu to sunrise 06:45, 12 h 56 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:45 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 06:46 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 00:38 Sat, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 224.7° + 82.4° = 307.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 02:27 Sat, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 14:19, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 00:56 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:45 to 06:46 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 15 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 12 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 1928, 01:59 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 246.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1985; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1850.