Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 21 Jan 1927

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 08:47 on Fri 21 Jan to 11:08 on Sat 22 Jan, so it holds moonrise only on Fri 21 Jan, at 21:15. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:05 here. Dwitiya ended at 06:46 Thu, before it. Tritiya ends at 08:47, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 18 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Tritiya began at 06:46 Thu, before sunrise at 07:05 Thu, and ends at 08:47, after the next sunrise at 07:05. Both days read Tritiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Thu 20 Jan ran from sunset 18:14 Thu to sunrise 07:05, 12 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:05 to 18:15, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:15 to 07:05 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 130°. It leaves at 08:57, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 277.2° + 132.4° = 409.6°, one full turn and 49.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 14:00, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 19:44 Thu, when the lead reached 210°; Vishti runs until 08:47.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:05 to 07:05 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 1926, 18:26 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 278.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1983; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1848.