Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 12 Mar 1926

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 15:55 on Fri 12 Mar to 12:22 on Sat 13 Mar, so only Friday night’s nishitha (00:14 Sat–01:03 Sat) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:40 here. Dwadashi ended at 19:19 Thu, before it. Trayodashi ends at 15:55, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 27 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 11 Mar ran from sunset 18:37 Thu to sunrise 06:40, 12 h 3 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:40 to 18:37, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:37 to 06:40 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 296°40′. It leaves at 19:44, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 327.9° + 298.5° = 626.4°, one full turn and 266.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 07:06, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 05:39, when the lead reached 330°; Vanija runs until 15:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:40 to 06:40 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 12 Feb 22:50 Fri to 14 Mar 08:50 Sun the Sun stayed in Kumbha, entering Meena at 14 Mar 09:23 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Phalguna, before Phalguna itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna (Adhik) here, and Phalguna (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 1925, 19:32 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 347.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1982; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1847.