Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 14 Sep 1916

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 20:03 on Thu 14 Sep to 19:22 on Fri 15 Sep, so it holds moonrise only on Thu 14 Sep, at 20:09. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Dwitiya ended at 21:28 Wed, before it. Tritiya ends at 20:03, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 13 Sep ran from sunset 18:33 Wed to sunrise 06:16, 11 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 18:33, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:33 to 06:16 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 356°40′. It leaves at 11:43, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 148.2° + 356.9° = 505.1°, one full turn and 145.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 08:55, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 08:41, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 20:03.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:16 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 27 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 27 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 1916, 21:50 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 158.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1973; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1838.