Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 29 Jul 1916

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya holds both sunrises, 06:04 on Sat 29 Jul and 06:04 on Sun 30 Jul. Over two sunrises the Nirnayasindhu takes the first: Sat 29 Jul. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:04 here. Chaturdashi ended at 05:14, before it. Amavasya ends at 07:44 Sun, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 15 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Amavasya began at 05:14, before sunrise at 06:04, and ends at 07:44 Sun, after the next sunrise at 06:04 Sun. Both days read Amavasya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 28 Jul ran from sunset 19:06 Fri to sunrise 06:04, 10 h 58 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:04 to 19:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:06 to 06:04 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 90°. It leaves at 10:21, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 102.8° + 91.2° = 194°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 17:13, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada runs until 18:30, when the lead reaches 354°; Nagava until 07:44 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:04 to 06:04 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 15 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 30 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 30 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 2 Apr 1916, 21:50 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 112.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1973; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1838.