Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 21 Apr 1914

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise. It holds both sunrises, 06:08 on Mon 20 Apr and 06:08 on Tue 21 Apr. Ekadashi (04:26 Mon 20 Apr to 06:39 Tue 21 Apr) and Dwadashi (06:39 Tue 21 Apr to 09:09 Wed 22 Apr) are both longer than their day; when both grow, Smartas take the later day: Tue 21 Apr. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: over two sunrises, they too fast on the second.

Varuthini Ekadashi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 300°–312° is the 26th, Krishna Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:08 here. Dashami ended at 04:26 Mon, before it. Ekadashi ends at 06:39, when the lead reaches 312°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 10 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ekadashi began at 04:26 Mon, before sunrise at 06:08 Mon, and ends at 06:39, after the next sunrise at 06:08. Both days read Ekadashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 20 Apr ran from sunset 18:47 Mon to sunrise 06:08, 11 h 21 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:08 to 18:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:48 to 06:07 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 07:48, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 7.4° + 319.2° = 326.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 18:45, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 17:29 Mon, when the lead reached 306°; Balava runs until 06:39.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:08 to 06:07 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 25 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 25 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 26 Mar 1914, 23:38 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 24.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1971; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1836.